This study surveys and analyses Zambia"s socio-economic development during the first two decades of its existence as an independent state. The character of the development crisis facing Zambia today can best be understood in historical perspective. In Chapters 2 and 3 we brie fly explore the pre-colonial and colonial periods, with the emphasis placed on obtaining a clear picture of the socio-economic structure of Britain"s Northern Rhodesian colony on the eve 00 Independence. In Chapter 4 we describe Zambia"s political and economic systems, and analyse the emerging class structure of the society. Chapters 5 and 6 prov ide comprehensive accounts of Zambia"s economic and social development between 1964 and 1984. In Chapter 7 we explain the Zambian government"s new strategy for financial stabilization and economic restructuring, and assess the country"s medium term economic prospects. finally, in Chapter 8, we outlioe the extent and direction of foreign aid to Zambia.